郭博昭

個人簡介（Terry B. J. Kuo） · English
郭博昭
Terry B. J. Kuo
郭博昭
國籍臺灣
研究領域心率變異、睡眠醫學、自律神經生理、腦波、醫療物聯網
任職機構國立陽明交通大學腦科學研究所
衛生福利部草屯療養院
慈濟大學
臺北醫學大學
國立中央大學
母校國立陽明大學（醫學士、藥理學博士）
知名於心率變異分析、無線穿戴式生理監測裝置、社區失智風險腦波篩檢
獎項中華民國十大傑出青年（2004）
李國鼎青年研究獎（2000）
王世濬院士青年研究獎（1999）
網站Kuo Lab

郭博昭（英語：Terry B. J. Kuo），臺灣醫師、生理學家，國立陽明交通大學腦科學研究所教授，並任衛生福利部草屯療養院心腦醫學中心主任。研究領域為心率變異（HRV）、睡眠醫學、自律神經功能與醫療物聯網，開發多種無線心電、睡眠與血氧監測裝置。曾任陽明大學腦科學研究所創所所長、研發長、醫學院副院長、數位醫學中心創始主任，慈濟大學神經科學研究所所長，國立中央大學生醫科學與工程學系及轉譯醫學研究所創始主管，以及臺北醫學大學醫學資訊研究所所長；至今指導博士與碩士研究生論文逾百篇。2004年獲選中華民國十大傑出青年。[57][58][59]

生平

早年與教育

郭博昭高中時期習小提琴，曾獲全國比賽第二名。[58]他自國中起自學寫程式，高中時積極參加科展；聯考成績原可進入電機、資訊工程的第一志願，但依父親要求進入醫學系。大學期間他持續自學數位電路設計，電機工程與電腦程式都不是正式科班出身。[60][61]小提琴方面，他師事曾哲男（小提琴家曾耿元之父）。[62]1986年進入國立陽明醫學院醫學系，1993年取得醫學士學位；隨即進入陽明大學藥理學研究所，1996年取得藥理學博士學位，博士論文為《動脈壓訊號頻譜成份之生理與藥理分析》。[57][59][63]據《遠見》報導，他在醫學系五年級時即自行設計心電圖分析系統。[58]

學術生涯

取得博士學位後，郭博昭於1996年起任陽明大學醫學系藥理學科副教授。1999年轉往花蓮，任慈濟醫學暨人文社會學院（今慈濟大學）神經科學研究所副教授，並於1999年8月至2001年3月在花蓮慈濟醫院神經內科擔任住院醫師；[2]2000年升任教授，2001年起兼任神經科學研究所所長，並參與東臺灣睡眠研究中心。[57][64]2004年《中國時報》報導，慈濟大學神經科學研究所在他帶領下利用有限資源自行組裝實驗設備，研究成果豐碩。[65]據《遠見》報導，他32歲即升任教授。[58]

2006年2月，郭博昭應陽明大學校長吳妍華與副校長徐明達的邀請回到母校，[64]任腦科學研究所教授，並擔任創所所長（2006年–2012年），同時兼任陽明大學副研發長、育成中心主任及臺灣聯合大學系統腦科學中心主任；2007年至2010年任陽明大學研發長。[57][58][66][63]臺灣聯合大學系統腦科學中心總部設於陽明大學，2003年6月聘陽明大學李德章為首任中心主任；[1]2006年2月起由郭博昭接任，至2008年7月，[2]為中心改組後的首任主任。他另外提出申請，成立陽明大學腦科學研究中心，並自2007年1月起擔任創始主任至2008年7月；[2]在此之前，陽明大學並沒有自己的腦科學研究中心，校內一直沿用臺聯大腦科學中心的名義。新中心成立時整併了校內原有的神經科學研究中心，原中心此後停止運作。此期間亦擔任行政院衛生署（後改制為衛生福利部）「遠距健康照護服務發展計畫」專案辦公室主任（2010年–2015年），[67][68]並曾任臺北市立聯合醫院教學研究部研究發展組主任（2011年–2013年）。[2][3]2012年至2015年擔任智慧電子國家型科技計畫醫療電子分項召集人。[57]

2014年至2015年借調國立中央大學，參與創立該校生醫科學與工程學系（任籌備主任）與跨領域轉譯醫學研究所（任創所所長），並兼任生醫理工學院副院長，2015年至2016年任生醫講座教授。[57][2]2015年底返回陽明，再任腦科學研究所與神經科學研究所所長，並任陽明大學副教務長（2015年–2016年）；返校後仍以合聘教授身分在中央大學生醫科學與工程學系任教至2017年。[57][2]2016年至2017年任陽明大學教師會理事長（會長）。[2]當時陽明大學與國立交通大學的合校案引發部分師生反彈。[4]他以教師會名義，與陽明大學學生會、校友會合辦當時校內規模最大的合校民意調查，多數受訪者反對合校，並在校務會議當天將結果呈交校長。2016年5月25日，陽明大學第47次校務會議表決合校備忘錄，以同意38票、不同意43票未獲通過，合校因而暫緩；[5]他在這次表決中以教師會會長的身分擔任監票人。2017年至2019年任臺北醫學大學醫學資訊研究所所長，並於2018年至2019年兼任該校醫學科技學院副院長。[57][69][2]此期間亦擔任中國醫藥大學附設醫院醫學研究部顧問（2016年–2018年）與三軍總醫院北投分院臨床研究諮詢顧問（2017年–2019年）。[2]

2019年2月歸建陽明大學醫學院，任醫學院策略副院長（至2020年4月）；同年3月20日，陽明大學數位醫學中心經校方核准成立，他獲聘為第一屆中心主任。[70][71][72]2020年12月起借調衛生福利部桃園療養院，擔任臨床研究中心創始主任，[73][72]2021年陽明大學與國立交通大學合併為國立陽明交通大學後，續任腦科學研究所教授。[74]2022年7月起任衛生福利部草屯療養院心腦醫學中心（心腦研究中心）創始主任，將心率變異與腦波技術導入精神科臨床服務。[59][75]

創立系所

郭博昭曾在三所大學參與創立或主持跨領域系所：

在醫學教育方面，陽明大學醫學系於2005年起開設「醫師科學家組」，讓醫學生在修習醫學課程之外同時進入實驗室做研究，之後發展為獨立的「醫師科學家學程」；郭博昭繼創辦人謝世良之後接手主持該學程。[76]

此外，他也是陽明大學數位醫學中心、衛生福利部桃園療養院臨床研究中心，以及草屯療養院心腦醫學中心的創始主任。[71][73][72][59]

人才培育

郭博昭的教學專長為生理學、神經科學、睡眠醫學、自主神經學、論文寫作，以及電腦在生物醫學上的應用。[63]自1998年起，他共指導研究生學位論文115篇，其中博士論文27篇、碩士論文88篇。[59]學生來自13個系所，包括腦科學、神經科學、生物醫學資訊、生醫光電、傳統醫藥與運動科學等；論文題目涵蓋無線生理記錄系統、雲端健康平台、以人工智慧分析腦波與心率變異、運動與高血壓、智慧型手機成癮與睡眠生理等。[59]

他的實驗室刻意招收不同背景的學生，醫學、工程、資訊等領域都有，即使沒有程式基礎也能加入，再由實驗室訓練學生完成從電極、電路到訊號分析的完整流程。[59]畢業生多投入學術界、醫界與醫療器材產業。[59]他也經常對醫界與大眾演講，國內外學術演講逾兩百場，例如2017年吳大猷科學營專題演講〈人機結合的古往今來〉與高雄市立圖書館城市講堂〈網路改變慢性病治療模式〉。[2][6][7]

他指導的研究生中，有不少是在職進修的臨床醫師，畢業後成為各大醫院的科部主管或大學教師。依學位論文系統、國家圖書館館藏目錄及其他公開資料，部分畢業生如下（多數與長期研究夥伴楊靜修共同指導）：

姓名學位（畢業年）論文主題現職
林煜軒腦科學研究所博士（2015）智慧型手機成癮的症狀學與診斷系統國家衛生研究院群體健康科學研究所副研究員級主治醫師、臺大醫院精神醫學部主治醫師[35]
龔彥穎傳統醫藥研究所博士（2014）更年期婦女失眠的自律神經機轉與耳穴按摩治療臺北榮民總醫院傳統醫學部主任[36]
謝麗君腦科學研究所博士（2016）以電子陀螺儀與無線傳輸進行前庭功能測試馬偕紀念醫院耳鼻喉科頭頸部喉科主任、馬偕醫學院教授[37]
王資竣腦科學研究所博士（2024）腹腔鏡手術刺激下腦波及心率變異特徵馬偕紀念醫院麻醉部資深主治醫師[38]
徐英碩腦科學研究所博士（2025）阻塞型睡眠呼吸中止症的智能化監測與精準醫療新光吳火獅紀念醫院耳鼻喉科主治醫師[39]
李立昂腦科學研究所博士（2023）兒童阻塞型睡眠呼吸中止症的自律神經功能、發炎體、腸道菌相與扁桃腺腺樣體切除術後的變化國立清華大學學士後醫學系教授兼系主任[40]
陳俊宇腦科學研究所博士（2012）交感神經系統參與促進大鼠清醒的機制臺北榮民總醫院一般神經科主治醫師、國立陽明交通大學神經學科助理教授[41]
林祐正腦科學研究所博士（2016，與黃鍔共同指導）多尺度動態分析於生理訊號的驗證與應用聯發科技工程師[42]
謝一德腦科學研究所碩士（2009）、生醫光電研究所博士（2012）熟識度與生理壓力對大鼠利他行為的調控任職外商醫藥生技業[43]
劉康渡腦科學研究所碩士（2009）視丘下核深層腦部刺激術對自律神經的影響臺北榮民總醫院神經外科主治醫師、功能性神經外科主任[44]
陳柏霖腦科學研究所碩士（2010）急性缺血性腦中風各分型的心率變異臺中榮民總醫院神經醫學中心副主任[45]
黃偉烈腦科學研究所碩士（2013）美沙冬對海洛因依賴者自律神經的影響臺大醫院雲林分院精神醫學部主任[46]
李嘉宜腦科學研究所博士（2012）跑步運動對海馬迴theta波的影響元培醫事科技大學健康休閒管理系教授兼系主任[47]
吳承翰腦科學研究所博士（2020）醫療物聯網開發與應用國立臺北護理健康大學資訊管理系助理教授[48]
林瑋倫臨床醫學研究所博士（2018，與陳適安共同指導）心肌梗塞對睡眠中心血管自律神經與心律不整的影響心臟內科醫師（近年論文所屬機構為臺中榮民總醫院心臟血管中心）[49]
黃明堃腦科學研究所碩士（2015）急性高山病患者在不同海拔的腦波與心率變異馬偕紀念醫院急診醫學科醫師（近年論文所屬機構）[50]
賴賢勇臨床醫學研究所博士（2004）正壓呼吸誘發之動脈壓變異性的生理分析與臨床應用麻醉科醫師，曾任花蓮慈濟醫院麻醉科，現服務於花蓮門諾醫院[51]
李國熙慈濟大學醫學研究所博士（2004）嗓音的測量與相關應用（另共同發表以語音低高頻比評估鼻腔與鼻音等多項專利）國立陽明交通大學醫學系耳鼻喉學科教授、臺北市立聯合醫院仁愛院區教研科主任[52]
孫宗伯慈濟大學醫學研究所臨床醫學組博士（2005）高壓氧治療緩解糖尿病足病患的心臟血管神經病變整形外科醫師（論文所屬機構為花蓮慈濟醫院整形外科）[53]
哈鐵木爾（哈多沐）慈濟大學醫學研究所博士（神經生理）—花蓮慈濟醫院一般神經外科主任、慈濟大學護理學系副教授[54]
傅進華慈濟大學醫學研究所博士（2006）老年高血壓病患的大腦循環動態台中慈濟醫院神經內科主治醫師[55]
顏克典國立臺灣師範大學體育學系博士（2006，與林正常共同指導）間歇低氧訓練對有氧適能與心率變異性的影響正修科技大學生活創意學院院長[56]

研究

郭博昭的研究核心是用頻譜分析解讀生理訊號。心跳、血壓與腦波都不是固定不變的數值，而是持續起伏的訊號；把這些起伏依頻率拆開，就能分辨不同調控系統的作用。以心率變異為例，高頻成分主要反映副交感神經（迷走神經）的活性，低頻成分則與交感神經有關。這套方法讓研究者只需記錄心電圖，就能非侵入地評估自律神經功能。他從1990年代初期開發即時分析工具起，逐步把這套方法應用到臨床醫學、睡眠、精神醫學與穿戴裝置。[77][59] 他至今發表超過220篇同儕審查論文；依OpenAlex統計，其論文被引用逾4,000次，h指數約34（2026年10月查詢）。[59][77]

生理訊號即時分析方法

博士班期間，郭博昭與藥理學家陳慶鏗等人合作，以個人電腦撰寫演算法，達成血壓訊號的連續、即時頻譜分析。[8]在此之前，這類分析多半要先錄下資料、事後再離線計算；即時分析讓醫師可以在手術或加護病房中直接觀察自律神經的變化。這套工具隨即用於麻醉、體外循環心臟手術與加護病房：1997年，他們在加護病房即時分析病人的血壓與心跳訊號，發現其頻譜特徵可用來預測病人存活與否；[9]同年另一篇論文則發現，腦死病人血壓訊號中的血管運動成分與壓力反射明顯減弱，可作為評估腦幹功能的參考。[10]他也與臺北榮民總醫院神經科團隊合作，把同樣的方法用於分析腦血流速度與血壓的關係，探討腦血管的自我調節功能。[11]

心率變異、性別與老化

1997年，郭博昭以自製的心率變異分析儀，在南投縣魚池鄉收集約三千名社區居民的5分鐘心電圖資料。1999年發表於《American Journal of Physiology》的論文分析其中1,070名40至79歲、無高血壓與心律不整的居民，發現中年女性的副交感神經調控較強、中年男性的交感神經調控較強；女性的副交感優勢在50歲後消失，男性的交感優勢則延後到60歲以後才消失。這篇論文是他被引用次數最多的第一作者論文之一，媒體報導稱其為臺灣第一篇本土大型自律神經研究。[78][79]後續研究進一步追問差異的來源：2003年的研究發現雌激素與女性較高的副交感活性有關，[12]2002年則發現兩性心臟節律點活動的「複雜度」也不相同。[13]其團隊之後以20至80歲的受試者分析睡眠與心血管自律神經功能，發現50歲左右是一個分水嶺，之後睡眠品質變差與交感神經活性升高同時出現。[59]2024年他回到南投進行社區篩檢，發現62至94歲的長輩中，將近三分之一有自律神經衰弱的情形。[79]

睡眠與自律神經

郭博昭的睡眠研究把大腦與自律神經放在一起看，同時記錄腦波與心電圖，發現深睡期腦波慢波的強度與心率變異中的副交感成分同步起伏，顯示大腦皮質與自律神經在睡眠中緊密連動。[14]在自發性高血壓大鼠的研究中，他發現高血壓動物的睡眠型態改變，且睡眠中的交感與副交感平衡失調，相關成果刊登於《Sleep》與《Circulation》。[15]2008年的研究則指出，從清醒進入睡眠與從睡眠醒來時，交感與迷走神經的變化並不對稱。[80]

在應用上，他的團隊開發了與專家判讀一致性相當的自動睡眠分期程式；[59]並在臨床試驗中發現，每分鐘約6次（0.1赫茲）的慢速呼吸訓練可增強迷走神經活性、縮短入睡時間，改善失眠者的客觀睡眠品質。[16]他也研究輪班護理人員的睡眠，發現長期值大夜班者睡眠中的心臟交感活性較高。[17]近年其團隊延伸至腸腦軸研究，以隨機對照試驗與動物實驗探討特定益生菌對失眠、情緒與自律神經的影響。[18]2007年，他在陽明大學參與成立睡眠研究中心，整合基礎研究、臨床研究、社區服務與產學合作。[59]

精神醫學與行為

郭博昭與精神科醫師合作，把心率變異當作精神疾病的客觀生理指標。研究對象包括思覺失調症病人在換藥、電痙攣療法與穿顱磁刺激前後的自律神經變化，以及抗憂鬱藥物對心率變異的影響。[77]在社區長者中，他們發現憂鬱與心臟自律神經功能的關聯存在性別差異。[19]

他也與精神科醫師林煜軒合作研究智慧型手機成癮。團隊參與編製的「智慧型手機成癮量表」（SPAI）是他所有論文中被引用最多的一篇；[77]之後他們開發手機App，直接記錄受試者實際的使用次數與時間，發現手機成癮與使用者對時間的知覺扭曲有關，並把App測得的客觀數據納入成癮診斷。[20][21]

極端環境、麻醉與人工智慧

郭博昭的團隊也把生理監測帶到極端環境。除了2009年聖母峰的即時心電圖傳輸，[81]他們分析登山者在低海拔的心率變異，用以預測上到高海拔後是否會發生高山症，[22]並記錄攀登玉山登山者的腦波變化。[23]

在麻醉領域，2026年發表於《Anesthesiology》的研究發現，額葉腦波的「相位－振幅耦合」可反映手術中的疼痛刺激，以及神經阻斷止痛的效果，有助於發展客觀的術中疼痛監測。[24]近年他也將人工智慧導入心率變異分析：以貼片式心率變異分析儀搭配AI偵測阻塞性睡眠呼吸中止，並嘗試以大型語言模型依文獻證據對心率變異結果進行分級解讀。[59]

醫療物聯網與穿戴裝置

郭博昭的實驗室自行設計電路板、韌體、閘道器與雲端平台，開發無線心率變異分析儀、微型無線睡眠記錄儀、耳機式心電感測器、指夾式連續血氧監測系統等。[59]據《遠見》2006年報導，他研發的無線睡眠檢查儀硬體成本約新臺幣1萬元，而醫院同類儀器需百萬元。[58]其貼片式無線生理監測裝置於2006年獲日本優良設計獎，2016年取得衛生福利部醫療器材許可。[82]

2009年，台灣登山隊攀登珠穆朗瑪峰期間，其團隊以衛星即時回傳隊員心電圖。[66][81]2019年，他以陽明大學數位醫學中心主任身分，與陽明大學附設醫院、宜蘭縣政府及羅東聖母醫院合作，在南澳鄉建立「遠距加護病房」，率先導入遠距心電圖監測。[83][84]2021年COVID-19疫情期間，其血氧監測系統部署於集中檢疫所，用以偵測無症狀的「快樂缺氧」。[59]

社區健康篩檢

2025年，南投縣衛生局與國家衛生研究院合作推動「智慧健康雲計畫」，在社區以攜帶式心率變異分析儀進行篩檢，由草屯療養院團隊判讀與轉介；兩個多月內檢測逾600人。[85]其團隊另開發額貼式腦波裝置「SynaSight」，結合黃鍔院士團隊的分析軟體，以約3分鐘的腦波記錄進行社區失智風險篩檢。[59]

產品與技術開發

技術發展歷程

郭博昭的儀器開發，是從實驗室的研究需要一步步發展出來的。從電路圖、焊接電路板到撰寫程式，他多半親自動手；自己畫電路、焊板，24小時內就能完成測試與修正，一週內便可使用。[86][64]

心率變異分析儀：博士班期間，他以自行設計的程式與設備開發出生理律動分析儀，在加護病房的研究中發現，瀕死病人的分析圖形幾乎縮成一個點，可據以預測病人的存活與否，因此被同事稱為「算命機」，這也是後來「陰陽儀」的第一代。[86][9]最早的版本把惠普（HP）的生理監視器接到電腦上分析，之後改用自行設計的放大器與以個人電腦為基礎的即時分析演算法，[25]再以執行DOS系統的單板電腦縮小成便當盒大小的「享翔一號」（SS-1），[27]2003年先以手工製作便當盒大小的享翔一號第一代原型，螢幕已以太極圖顯示自律神經的陰陽平衡；2005年再開模做成長條形外殼的第二代機型，兩者內部相同，只是外殼不同。相關技術取得臺灣發明專利「陰陽虛實之偵測方法及其裝置」（第198840號）與其中國大陸對應專利（ZL03109155.5），以及美國發明專利「Methods and apparatus for analyzing heart rate variability」（US 7,277,746 B2，2003年5月在臺灣提出優先權申請）；美國專利所載的裝置外殼為14×11×4.5公分。[87][26]接著以8051微控制器做成名片型（2008年）。當時桌上型的心率變異分析儀每台售價上百萬元；經過三代機型的發展，他把儀器縮小到原本的百分之一、約名片大小，取名「陰陽儀」：受測者雙手握住儀器兩分鐘，螢幕就以太極圖顯示交感與副交感神經的平衡。[88][86]他試做了約一百台第三代陰陽儀，捐贈30台給陽明大學進行研究，北體、淡江等校也採購使用。[86]2009年，陰陽儀的軟體技術移轉給陽茵公司、硬體由神農醫療器材公司製造（兩家公司都進駐陽明大學育成中心），研究用機型的單價從百萬元級降到約10萬元。[88]實驗室（K&Y Lab）的心率變異技術也由威今基因科技公司商品化，雙方合作逾16年。[27]技術於2001年移轉給威今，2002年推出搭配個人電腦使用的第一代自律神經分析儀。2006年4月，「威今基因科技」心律變異分析儀（委託大同公司製造）取得行政院衛生署醫療器材許可證（衛署醫器製字第002015號），[28]是臺灣最早取得醫療器材許可證的國產心率變異分析儀之一。[28]2015年2月，名片型機型的商品化版本，以及以德州儀器MSP430微控制器製成的手持型機型（「螃蟹機」SC-101），以「威今」簡易型心電圖記錄器之名取得衛生福利部醫療器材許可證（衛部醫器製字第004896號）。[28][2]

無線傳輸與動物腦波記錄：在慈濟大學期間，他參與賴其萬創立的東臺灣睡眠研究中心，動物實驗使用同事蕭富仁設計的腦波儀。[64]傳統的睡眠記錄儀都是有線的，受測者全身佈滿導線、甚至無法上廁所；2005年初，他開始構思無線睡眠記錄系統，自行設計兼顧省電與傳輸正確性的「神農（Xenon）無線傳輸協議」。2005年5月，不到一個月就做出取樣率250赫茲、耗電5毫安以內、一顆鈕扣電池可用超過一天的無線心電圖雛型，兩天後再做出第一台無線腦波儀，在大鼠身上試用成功；大鼠可帶著儀器自由活動、作息與成長。[64]他也把放大器縮小、整組戴在大鼠頭上，讓團隊得以記錄自由活動、甚至在跑步機上奔跑的大鼠腦波，相關成果陸續發表於《Neuroscience Letters》、《Neuroscience》與《Journal of Neurophysiology》等期刊。[29][30]這套大鼠與小鼠腦波偵測系統自2005年起即投入動物實驗，是臺灣早期的無線動物腦波記錄系統之一。[64]

以神農傳輸協議為基礎的技術陸續移轉給廠商：

《康健雜誌》2013年的報導也提到，他研發出只有三枚五元硬幣疊起來大小、可浮貼在後腦的無線腦波儀，能以「意念」隔空開燈，未來可協助中風癱瘓或漸凍症患者操控電器。[89]

從動物走向人體與社區：多年後，這套微型腦波記錄技術縮小為僅重7公克的人用腦波儀，結合黃鍔院士的演算法並內建連網功能，可把臺東病人的監測訊號跨越300公里傳回陽明交大研究室分析；學生王資竣以它監測腹腔鏡手術病人，2023年發表於《Anesthesia & Analgesia》，發現腦波會因疼痛刺激而產生特定變化。[90][91]團隊另開發口袋型自律神經檢測儀，受測者伸進兩根食指，不到一分鐘即可測出交感與副交感神經的狀態。[90]這些技術後來發展為社區失智風險篩檢裝置SynaSight。[59]2026年在社區試辦中，團隊為約600名長輩記錄腦波，篩檢出25名疑似認知障礙者。

雲端保健與遠距照護：郭博昭的技術可以讓市售各種品牌的血壓計、血糖機、心電圖機、體重計加上無線傳輸功能，量測後不必按任何按鍵就自動上傳雲端。[89]2011年10月，北市聯醫啟動居家雲端保健方案試辦，試用市民可無償使用雲端血壓機，每筆量測數據自動傳到北市聯醫電腦判讀，異常時立即發簡訊通知使用者或其親友。[3]2012年，他與臺北市政府衛生局合作推動「臺北市府員工雲端健康管理計畫」與「居家雲端健康管理計畫」，由臺北市立聯合醫院開發的系統自動判讀，血壓異常或氣溫驟降時發送簡訊提醒；[89]該計畫參與者由2012年1月的24人增至年底累計1,045人，每月上傳的血壓紀錄由149筆增至12,761筆。[31]這套雲端血壓系統早在2011年10月即已在北市聯醫投入試辦，是臺灣早期的雲端血壓管理服務之一。[3]他也以手掌大小、無任何導線的貼片式雲端心電圖儀，在臺北市立聯合醫院仁愛院區進行24小時監測試驗；[89]該裝置於2016年取得衛生福利部醫療器材許可。[82]同年10月，雅柏迪科技的「偵貼心」貼片式心電心音記錄器（衛部醫器製字第005529號，麗臺科技製造）與「威今」貼片型心率變異分析儀（衛部醫器製字第005532號）相隔兩天先後取得許可證，比其他廠商的國產貼片式（穿戴式）心電記錄器（2017年起才陸續取證）早了半年以上；[28]雅柏迪是整合郭博昭「神農」醫材技術成立的新創公司，偵貼心即由雅柏迪在此基礎上設計開發。[32]更早在2009年，麗臺以其技術取得許可證的隨身簡易型心電圖記錄器（衛署醫器製字第002806號），已是臺灣早期取得醫療器材許可證的國產隨身型心電圖記錄器之一。[28]他的設計先後由威今基因科技（麗臺生醫）、麗臺科技、新新憶、雅柏迪等多家國內廠商沿用，從研究原型發展為取得醫療器材許可證的商品。[28][27][64][32]

主要產品

郭博昭的團隊從電路板、韌體、閘道器到雲端平台多為自行開發，強調以遠低於商用設備的成本達成相近的量測品質。[59][58]據陽明交大Podcast介紹，其研發的可攜式心率分析儀、微型睡眠記錄儀、心電圖手錶等產品，部分取得衛生主管機關或美國FDA認證。[60]主要產品與技術如下：

年份產品／技術說明
2006無線睡眠檢查儀硬體成本約新臺幣1萬元，可在家中記錄睡眠，取代需排隊等床位的醫院檢查。[58]
2006心率變異分析儀（威今基因科技）取得行政院衛生署醫療器材許可證（衛署醫器製字第002015號），由大同公司代工製造；技術源自K&Y Lab。[28][27]
2006貼片式無線生理監測裝置獲日本優良設計獎；2009年取得臺灣專利，2016年取得衛生福利部醫療器材許可。[82]
20088051名片型心率變異分析儀（陰陽儀）體積比iPhone小，雙手扶持兩分鐘即可分析自律神經功能，並以太極圖顯示陰陽平衡。[86]
2009無線心率變異分析儀藍牙與WiFi模組，最輕約15.6克，可即時進行時域與頻域（LF/HF）心率變異分析；其後發展出貼片、耳機、項鍊、鈕扣等外型。[59]
2014amor H1心率健身記錄器（麗臺科技）穿戴式心率與自律神經記錄器，技術核心來自郭博昭的心率變異演算法，獲日本2014年優良設計獎。[33]
2015名片型心電圖－心率變異分析儀（8051名片型的商品化版本）、手持型心電圖－心率變異分析儀（「螃蟹機」SC-101）以「威今」簡易型心電圖記錄器（Wegene Handheld ECG Monitor）之名取得衛生福利部醫療器材許可證（衛部醫器製字第004896號），2015年2月11日發證。[28]
2016貼片型心率變異分析儀以「威今」貼片型心率變異分析儀（WG-103A）之名取得衛生福利部醫療器材許可證（衛部醫器製字第005532號），2016年10月26日發證。[28]
—KY202心率變異運算模組重0.88克、17×20毫米的OEM模組，以UART介面為其他產品加入心率與心率變異分析功能。[59]
—微型無線睡眠記錄儀重量不到11克，可記錄腦波、心電、肌電、眼動及三軸動作，取樣頻率最高500赫茲，用於居家多項睡眠生理檢查。[59]
2010–2015雲端血壓計、雲端心電圖暨自律神經裝置量測資料自動上傳雲端，供高齡照護使用，曾於臺北醫學大學附設醫院、振興醫院、關渡醫院試用。[92]
2013Xenon連續血氧監測系統第三代Xenon Patch III完成開發，以指夾式感測器連續量測血氧與心率，經藍牙閘道器自動上傳雲端。[59]
2017「一指一夜」居家睡眠呼吸中止篩檢以整夜連續血氧量測自動產生報告與血氧下降指數（ODI），降低阻塞性睡眠呼吸中止症的篩檢門檻。[59][92]
—心電圖手錶為檢測母親的心臟問題，在半年內自行研發，續航力可達15天。[93][94]
2019遠距加護病房監測在宜蘭南澳鄉導入遠距心電圖監測。[83]
2021醫療物聯網閘道器與多病人儀表板自行設計支援BLE、WiFi、4G的閘道器，搭配雲端多病人看板與LINE即時警示；COVID-19期間從確認需求到部署集中檢疫所僅9天，並被中央流行疫情指揮中心採為教材。[59]
—遠距醫療網連結羅東聖母醫院與大同鄉、南澳鄉衛生所等五個偏鄉醫療站，整合醫院資訊系統提供遠距會診與慢性病追蹤。[59]
—齧齒類無線遙測系統免植入的微型發射器，可全天候記錄自由活動大鼠與小鼠的心電、腦波與肌電，用於基礎睡眠研究。[59]
2025攜帶式心率變異分析儀社區篩檢於南投縣社區3分鐘完成檢測，兩個多月內篩檢逾600人。[85]
2026SynaSight額貼式腦波失智風險篩檢結合黃鍔院士團隊的分析軟體，以3分鐘閉眼腦波記錄進行失智風險篩檢，於南投27個社區照護據點使用，申請食藥署醫材認證中。[59]

其技術曾移轉給麗臺科技、新新憶、陽茵、神農醫療器材等廠商（詳見技術發展歷程），[64][88]另曾以陽明大學名義授權超低功率無線傳輸模組（大同生科，2011年–2014年）、藍牙與神農心率變異無線傳輸晶片模組（臺灣雲康，2011年–2014年）、Xenon IID模組（少華，2012年–2015年）、神農無線傳輸模組及路由器（麗臺科技，2012年–2018年），以及太陽眼鏡型瞌睡防止器（聯合利得國際投資，2013年–2016年）等技術。[2]陽明大學腦科學研究所所長林永煬曾表示，郭博昭研發的產品與取得的專利是該所最多的。[89]

專利

自1999年取得第一件臺灣新型專利「心率變異分析心電轉換器」起，至2018年郭博昭共獲核准專利47件，包括美國發明專利9件、中國大陸專利3件、臺灣專利35件（發明專利25件、新型專利10件），另有美國專利申請案1件。[87][95]專利權人除本人外，包括國立陽明大學、國立中央大學、工業技術研究院、麗臺科技等學研機構與廠商；共同發明人包括其長期研究夥伴楊靜修、希爾伯特－黃轉換提出者黃鍔院士、耳鼻喉科醫師李國熙、心臟科醫師陳適安等。[87]

美國專利

專利號名稱核准日共同發明人專利權人
US 6,360,117 B1Electrocardiogram signal collecting apparatus（心電訊號擷取裝置）2002-03-19—郭博昭
US 6,811,536 B2Non-invasive apparatus system for monitoring autonomic nervous system and uses thereof（非侵入性自律神經系統監測儀器系統）2004-11-02孫德銓郭博昭、工業技術研究院
US 6,989,693 B2Pulse interval to voltage converter and conversion method thereof（脈衝間距至電壓轉換器）2006-01-24楊靜修郭博昭、麗臺科技
US 7,277,746 B2Methods and apparatus for analyzing heart rate variability（心率變異分析方法與裝置）2007-10-02楊靜修郭博昭、楊靜修
US 7,672,714 B2Miniature wireless apparatus for collecting physiological signals（微型無線生理訊號擷取裝置）2010-03-02楊靜修郭博昭、楊靜修、享翔顧問
US 7,769,435 B2Earphone sensor system for measuring electrocardiogram signals（耳機感測式心電量測系統）2010-08-03楊靜修郭博昭、楊靜修、享翔顧問
US 8,292,819 B2Sleep analysis system and method for analyzing sleep thereof（睡眠分析系統）2012-10-23楊靜修國立陽明大學
US 8,810,356 B2Data buffer apparatus with wireless transmission function（具無線傳輸之資料緩衝裝置）2014-08-19楊靜修國立陽明大學
US 9,087,141 B2Analysis module, cloud analysis system and method thereof（分析模組與雲端分析系統）2015-07-21黃鍔、羅孟宗、林祐正國立中央大學
US 2016/0292894 A1（申請案）Diagram building system and method for a signal data analyzing（訊號資料分析圖譜建構系統）2016-10-06（公開）黃鍔、林祐正、彭仲康、羅孟宗國立中央大學

這些美國專利大致反映其技術發展的三個階段。早期（2002年–2007年）的專利集中在心率變異分析的核心電路與演算法：「脈衝間距至電壓轉換器」可將每一次心跳間隔即時轉成電壓訊號，讓一般儀器也能直接進行頻譜分析，是其心率變異分析儀的基礎。中期（2010年–2014年）轉向無線穿戴裝置，例如把心電電極做進耳機耳塞、或縮小成可貼在胸前的微型記錄器，以及能在無線傳輸中斷時暫存資料、避免訊號遺失的緩衝裝置；睡眠分析系統則以腦波與心電自動判讀睡眠階段。後期（2015年起）與黃鍔院士合作，將希爾伯特－黃轉換等非線性分析方法搬上雲端，讓穿戴裝置收集的長時間生理訊號可在遠端自動分析。[95][59]

臺灣與中國大陸專利

其臺灣與中國大陸專利數量較多，涵蓋範圍也較廣。依技術領域分類如下：[87]

榮譽

學術服務

2018年，郭博昭與約30位學者發起成立「台灣心率變異研究協會」，[2]該會於2019年11月11日成立，為內政部登記的全國性社會團體，由他擔任理事長。[34]他曾擔任《Clinical Science》期刊編輯委員，[63]以及《Advances in Adaptive Data Analysis》編輯委員；[2]並長期為《Circulation》、《American Journal of Physiology》、《American Journal of Cardiology》等期刊審稿，擔任國科會計畫初審與複審委員。[63]

音樂

郭博昭是業餘小提琴家，高中時曾獲全國小提琴比賽第二名，《康健雜誌》的作者簡介也以「小提琴手」自稱；他拉琴超過30年，曾獨奏一曲義賣，募得新臺幣兩萬元。[58][71][89]就讀陽明醫學院期間，他加入校內的愛杏管弦樂團並擔任小提琴首席，曾隨樂團參加全國大專院校音樂比賽獲得第一名。

畢業後，他與一群同樣出身愛杏樂團、在各地行醫的陽明校友持續合奏。這個以醫師為主的「陽明大學愛杏校友絃樂團」成員包括小兒科、眼科、家醫科、牙科、耳鼻喉科等各科醫師，由劉以昌、黃維民等人指導，郭博昭多次擔任首席或獨奏。[96][97]他的公開演出包括：

日期場合／地點曲目擔任
2009-09-08臺北新舞臺，與陽明大學愛杏管弦樂團合演薩拉沙泰《納瓦拉》（雙小提琴與管弦樂團，Op. 33）第二小提琴獨奏（第一小提琴獨奏為陳瑞賢）[98]
2012-10-27臺北國軍英雄館，愛杏弦樂團校友團音樂會《台灣四季》第一小提琴首席[96]
2013-01-04國家音樂廳，陽明大學愛杏校友絃樂團韋瓦第《四把小提琴協奏曲》RV 580第三小提琴獨奏[97]
2014-05-16陽明大學第39屆校慶音樂會，與愛杏弦樂團合演《台灣四季》客席小提琴[99]
2015-12-27陽明大學表演廳，陽明愛杏校友團巴赫《雙小提琴協奏曲》BWV 1043第二小提琴獨奏[100]
2021-12-15衛生福利部桃園療養院歡送會德弗札克《幽默曲》獨奏[101]
2023-06-16陽明交大腦科學研究所新生座談會蕭邦《夜曲》獨奏，並同步以自製腦波儀與心電圖示範即時分析[91]
2025-11-08第78屆醫師節慶祝大會晚會（中華民國醫師公會全國聯合會主辦，圓山大飯店）《一步之遙》（Por una cabeza）第一小提琴[102]
2025-12-27淡水基督長老教會，「緬懷先賢 聖誕傳愛」陽明銅管重奏團音樂會《辛德勒的名單》主題曲小提琴獨奏[103]

這些演出的曲目，經常和他的研究與陽明的歷史連在一起。2023年在腦科所新生座談會上，他一邊演奏蕭邦夜曲，一邊用實驗室自行設計、僅重7公克的腦波儀即時顯示自己的腦波與心電圖，向新生示範研究室的技術。[91]2025年底的聖誕音樂會在馬偕創立的淡水教會舉行，節目以陽明創校院長韓偉與馬偕的醫療傳道為主題，演出者多為在各地服務的陽明校友。[103]

音樂也是他科普寫作的主題之一。他曾與小提琴家曾耿元對談音樂與大腦，並撰文介紹音樂與失智、心流的關係。[62]

科普寫作

郭博昭在《康健雜誌》撰寫專欄，作者簡介自述為「教育部部定教授、醫師、藥理學博士、電腦工程師、小提琴手、十大傑出青年」。[71]他的文章常從科學史或自己與家人的親身經驗切入，再說明背後的生理機制，並提醒讀者如何正確看待穿戴裝置的數據。主要主題如下：

此外，他曾為國家科學及技術委員會的科普網站「科技大觀園」撰寫〈醫療物聯網〉一文，介紹貼片式生理監測裝置與雲端睡眠呼吸中止監測系統的發展。[82]

代表著作

專書

期刊論文

郭博昭發表的英文期刊論文超過250篇。正文已引用的論文見各段落，其餘論文列於參考資料・其他論文列表。[77][112]

參考資料

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  44. 視丘下核之深層腦部刺激術對自主神經功能的影響. 國立陽明交通大學學位論文系統.；醫師介紹：劉康渡. 臺北榮民總醫院.
  45. 急性缺血性腦中風不同分型之心率變異性分析. 國立陽明交通大學學位論文系統.；醫師介紹：陳柏霖. 臺中榮民總醫院.
  46. 美沙冬對男性海洛因依賴者的自律神經調節：邊緣性人格特徵之影響. 國立陽明交通大學學位論文系統.；臺大醫院雲林分院舉辦21週年院慶國際研討會. 臺大醫院健康電子報. 2025-05.
  47. 跑步運動對theta波之影響及其應用. 國立陽明交通大學學位論文系統.；師資介紹. 元培醫事科技大學健康休閒管理系.
  48. 醫療物聯網開發與應用. 國立陽明交通大學學位論文系統.；師資介紹. 國立臺北護理健康大學資訊管理系.
  49. 心肌梗塞對於睡眠期間之心血管自律神經變化與心律不整誘發影響. 國立陽明交通大學學位論文系統.
  50. 急性高山病患者在不同海拔高度下之腦電波及心率變異度參數變化. 國立陽明交通大學學位論文系統.
  51. 正壓呼吸誘發之動脈壓變異性之生理分析與臨床運用. 國立陽明交通大學學位論文系統.
  52. 李國熙. 指導教授：郭博昭、楊靜修. 嗓音的測量與相關應用. 慈濟大學醫學研究所. 2004: 234葉.；李國熙 教授. 國立陽明交通大學腦科學研究所.
  53. 孫宗伯. 指導教授：郭博昭. 高壓氧治療緩解糖尿病足病患心臟血管之神經病變. 慈濟大學醫學研究所臨床醫學組. 2005.；Sun T. B., Kuo T. B. J., Yang C. C. H.. Power spectral analysis of perfusion signals on free radial forearm flap transplantation in humans. Microsurgery. 2009; 29: 636–643.
  54. 哈多沐. 元氣網醫師百科.
  55. 傅進華. 指導教授：郭博昭、楊靜修. 老年高血壓病患之大腦循環動態. 慈濟大學醫學研究所. 2006.；內科 傅進華. 早安健康.
  56. 顏克典. 指導教授：林正常、郭博昭；館藏目錄作者名誤植為「顏克點」. 間歇低氧訓練對有氧適能與心率變異性表現之影響. 國立臺灣師範大學體育學系. 2006.
  57. Curriculum Vitae: Terry B. J. Kuo. 吳大猷學術基金會. 2017（英文）.
  58. 郭博昭：發明無線檢測儀 檢測睡眠品質不必等床位. 遠見雜誌. 2006-09.
  59. Kuo Lab — Advanced Biomedical Science & Technology Lab. 國立陽明交通大學腦科學研究所（英文）.
  60. EP212 如何結合醫學與工程，將醫療科技落地與發揚. 陽明交大幫幫忙. 2024-05-08.
  61. 從無到有創作一個醫療物聯網（科創講堂：智慧醫療）. 科學人雜誌.
  62. 郭博昭. 大師琴音與腦科學：我與曾耿元對談3個大腦的奧祕. 康健雜誌. 2024.
  63. 郭博昭 教授 Prof. Terry B.J. Kuo, MD, Ph.D. 國立陽明大學腦科學研究所.
  64. 郭博昭. 神農無線傳輸協議開創遠距醫療無限可能. 光連雙月刊. 2014-03; 第110期: 45–49.
  65. 陳惠芳. 慈大跨大步　神經科學研究　成果傲人. 中國時報. 2004-01-09，花蓮版.
  66. 林宏文. 陽明大學 全球大學排名快速躥升. 今周刊. 2011-06-16.
  67. 陳秀麗. 遠距健康照護上線　家人照護關懷無限. 衛生福利報導. 衛生福利部. 2013; 第156期: 16.
  68. 吳靜芳. 專訪衛福部「遠距健康照護服務發展計畫」專案主任郭博昭教授：「台灣健康裝置發展定位不清、人才不夠、法規不明…」. 環球生技月刊. 2014-06: 34.
  69. 陳雨鑫. 免到醫院睡一晚 北醫大幫你在家也能測睡眠中止. 聯合報元氣網. 2017-10-03.
  70. 講者簡介：郭博昭. 2019-02-26.
  71. 郭博昭 專欄作者. 康健雜誌.
  72. 中心沿革. 國立陽明交通大學數位醫學中心.
  73. 團隊成員. 國立陽明交通大學數位醫學中心.
  74. 師資介紹. 國立陽明交通大學腦科學研究所.
  75. 2025年會講者：郭博昭. 台灣睡眠醫學學會. 2025.
  76. 打造醫師科研人才的百年大計（上）：陳震寰專訪. 榮陽卓越醫師人才培育十年成果成效評估研究.
  77. Terry B. J. Kuo. OpenAlex（英文）.
  78. Kuo T. B. J., et al.. Effect of aging on gender differences in neural control of heart rate. American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology. 1999. PMID 10600841.
  79. 600元就能測 自律神經失調，會有憂鬱症、情緒問題？. 天下雜誌. 2024.
  80. Kuo T. B. J., Shaw F. Z., Lai C. J., Yang C. C. H.. Asymmetry in sympathetic and vagal activities during sleep–wake transitions. Sleep. 2008; 31: 311–320.
  81. Real-time electrocardiogram transmission from Mount Everest during continued ascent. 2013. PMID 23818945（英文）.
  82. 郭博昭. 醫療物聯網. 科技大觀園. 2019-08-07.
  83. 林惠琴. 偏鄉醫療資源不足 陽明大學試推遠距加護病房. 自由時報. 2019-08-27.
  84. 嚴云岑. 影／ICU監測器一台200萬　陽明大學成立「遠距加護病房」助南澳. ETtoday健康雲. 2019-08-27.
  85. 南投智慧健康成果發表 攜帶式心率分析儀助社區篩檢. 中央社. 2025-11-14.
  86. 林靜君. 陽明大學研發長郭博昭：陰陽儀 2分鐘測出健康. 創新研發誌. 2009-06: 94–97.
  87. 全球專利檢索系統（GPSS）. 經濟部智慧財產局.
  88. 李珣瑛. 搶攻家庭保健市場　陽明大學陰陽儀　創商機. 經濟日報. 2009-02-16，地方經濟版.
  89. 林芝安. 雲端健康管理時代來了；人物側寫：郭博昭——不行醫，改當科學家，服務更多病患. 康健雜誌. 2013-04: 134–141.
  90. 口袋型自律神經檢測儀，癌友的心苦它一分鐘就知道. 康健雜誌. 2023.
  91. 20230616 新生座談會－蕭邦夜曲. YouTube（Tbj Kuo）. 2023-06-17.
  92. 郭博昭：高齡社會需智慧科技導入 才能降低醫護負擔. 聯合報元氣網. 2018-11-11.
  93. 郭博昭. 我如何在半年內做出一支手錶，揪出我媽的心臟病？. 康健雜誌. 2024.
  94. 醫師兒為母研發心電圖手錶，助揪出心臟「搞怪瞬間」，續航力還可長達15天. 康健雜誌.
  95. Google Patents：inventor "Terry B. J. Kuo". Google（英文）.
  96. 台灣四季 春 第一樂章 四季謠（2012/10/27 國軍英雄館，陽明大學愛杏弦樂團校友團）. YouTube（Tbj Kuo）. 2012-10-27.
  97. Vivaldi Concerto for 4 Violins RV 580 by Physician Artists（2013/1/4 國家音樂廳）. YouTube（Tbj Kuo）. 2013-05-06.
  98. Pablo de Sarasate: Navarra for 2 Violins and Orchestra, Op. 33（薩拉沙泰 西班牙舞曲）. YouTube（Tbj Kuo）. 2009-09-30.
  99. 陽明大學第39屆校慶音樂會 台灣四季. YouTube（Tbj Kuo）. 2014-05-16.
  100. Bach Double Violin Concerto by Physician Artists（2015/12/27 陽明大學表演廳）. YouTube（Tbj Kuo）. 2015-12-30.
  101. 20211215 桃療歡送會 幽默曲. YouTube（Tbj Kuo）. 2021-12-18.
  102. por una cabeza（一步之遙）：2025/11/8 醫師節晚會. YouTube（Tbj Kuo）. 2025-11-08.
  103. Theme from Schindler's List：緬懷先賢 聖誕傳愛 陽明銅管重奏團音樂會. YouTube（Terry Kuo）. 2025-12-27.
  104. 郭博昭. 從腦洞大開到毫髮無傷，100年前他首度看見腦波. 康健雜誌. 2024.
  105. 郭博昭. 智慧手錶測「壓力指數」準嗎？有這種心律不整代表你很健康. 康健雜誌. 2024.
  106. 郭博昭. 別鬧了，智慧手環會失控？聰明使用者該記得的3不3要. 康健雜誌. 2024.
  107. 郭博昭. 是誰偷走了我媽的體重？靠超慢跑＋2工具瘦身成功. 康健雜誌. 2024.
  108. 郭博昭. 長壽不等於衰老，93歲阿嬤健康強如年輕人的祕密. 康健雜誌. 2024.
  109. 郭博昭. 聲音最自然的助聽器！台灣院士演算法＋台灣教授純手工的首度完美結合. 康健雜誌.
  110. 郭博昭. 誰願去偏鄉當醫生？請複習50年前「陽明精神」如何培育公費醫. 康健雜誌. 2024.
  111. 心率變異研究：從健康養生到疾病診療. 三民網路書店.
  112. PubMed: Kuo TB[Author]. 美國國家醫學圖書館（英文）.

其他論文列表

以下依發表年份排列，共236篇（1991年至2026年），正文已引用的論文不再重複列出。各篇依 OpenAlex、PubMed 等文獻資料庫查核，其中200篇附有 DOI 連結；郭博昭本人以粗體標示。[77][112]

  1. Kuo, T. B. J. and Chan, S. H. H. (1991) Power spectral analysis of systemic arterial pressure in the rat： correlation with pentobarbital anesthesia. Chinese Journal of Biomedical Engineering 11:54-58
  2. Kuo, T. B. J. and Chan, S. H. H. (1992) Extraction, discrimination and analysis of single-neuron signals by a personal-computer-based algorithm. Biological Signals 1:282-292 doi
  3. Kuo, T. B. J., Shyr, M. H. and Chan, S. H. H. (1993) Simultaneous, continuous, on-line and real-time spectral analysis of multiple physiologic signals by a personal-computer-based algorithm. Biological Signals 2:45-56 doi
  4. Shyr, M. H., Yang, C. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Pan, W. H. T., Tan, P. P. C. and Chan, S. H. H. (1993) Power spectral analysis of the electroencephalographic and hemodynamic correlates of propofol anesthesia in the rat： intravenous bolus administration. Neuroscience Letters 153:161-164 doi
  5. Tan, P. P. C., Shyr, M. H., Yang, C. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Pan, W. H. T. and Chan, S. H. H. (1993) Power spectral analysis of the electroencephalographic and hemodynamic correlates of propofol anesthesia in the rat： intravenous infusion. Neuroscience Letters 160:205-208 doi
  6. Tsai, H. F., Kuo, T. B. J., Chan, J. Y. H. and Chan, S. H. H. (1994) Interaction between neuronal responses to nociception and hypertension in the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis of the rat. Neuroscience Letters 165:137-140 doi
  7. Lee, B. P., Chen, H. F., Hsu, F. C., Kuo, T. B. J. and Yang, M. H. (1994) Effects of pulmonary air embolism on discharge of slowly adapting pulmonary stretch receptors. Journal of Applied Physiology 76:97-103
  8. Luoh, H. F., Kuo, T. B. J., Chan, S. H. H. and Pan, W. H. T. (1994) Power spectral analysis of electroencephalographic desynchronization induced by cocaine in rats： correlation with microdialysis evaluation of dopaminergic neurotransmission at the medial prefrontal cortex. Synapse 16:29-35 doi
  9. Chan, J. Y. H., Tsai, H. F., Kuo, T. B. J. and Chan, S. H. H. (1994) Modulation by angiotensin III of nociception-related and arterial pressure-related neuronal responsiveness in the nucleus reticularis gigantocellularis of the rat. Regulatory Peptides 50:247-257 doi
  10. Lee, T. Y., Fu, M. J., Kuo, T. B. J., Lui, P. W. and Chan, S. H. H. (1994) Power spectral analysis of electromyographic and systemic arterial pressure signals during fentanyl-induced muscular rigidity in the rat. British Journal of Anaesthesia 72:328-334
  11. Chang, A. Y. W., Kuo, T. B. J. and Chan, S. H. H. (1994) Power spectral analysis of electroencephalographic desynchronization induced by cocaine in the rat. Neuroscience Letters 170:175-178 doi
  12. Yang, C. C. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Chan, S. H. H. and Chan, J. Y. H. (1995) Neurobiology of central angiotensin III and dipsogenesis. Biological Signals 4:59-71
  13. Chang, C. C., Yang, M. W., Lin, S. M., Kuo, T. B. J., Chan, K. H. and Lin, C. Y. (1995) Power spectral analysis of systemic arterial pressure signals during open heart surgery. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 55:421-426
  14. Yang, M. W., Kuo, T. B. J., Lin, S. M., Chan, K. H. and Chan, S. H. H. (1995) Continuous, on-line, real-time spectral analysis of SAP signals during cardiopulmonary bypass. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 268:H2329-H2335
  15. Chang, A. Y. W., Kuo, T. B. J., Tsai, T. H., Chen, C. F. and Chan, S. H. H. (1995) Power spectral analysis of electroencephalographic desynchronization induced by cocaine in rats： correlation with evaluation of noradrenergic neurotransmission at the medial prefrontal cortex. Synapse 21:149-157 doi
  16. Yang, C. H., Shyr, M. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Tan, P. P. C. and Chan, S. H. H. (1995) Effects of propofol on nociceptive response and power spectra of electroencephalographic and systemic arterial pressure signals in the rat： correlation with plasma concentration. Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 275:1568-1574 doi
  17. Yang, C. C. H., Kuo, T. B. J. and Chan, S. H. H. (1996) Auto- and cross-spectral analysis of cardiovascular fluctuations during pentobarbital anesthesia in the rat. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 270:H575-H582
  18. Wang, H., Kuo, T. B. J., Chan, S. H. H., Tsai, T. H., Lee, T. Y. and Lui, P. W. (1996) Spectral analysis of arterial pressure variability during induction of propofol anesthesia. Anesthesia and Analgesia 82:914-919 doi
  19. Kuo, T. B. J., Yang, C. C. H., Chan, J. Y. H., Tsai, H. F. and Chan, S. H. H. (1996) Further Characterization of Nociception-Related and Arterial Pressure-Related Neuronal Responses in the Nucleus Reticularis Gigantocellularis of the Rat. Journal of Biomedical Science 3:338-347 doi
  20. Kuo, T. B. J., Yang, C. C. H. and Chan, S. H. H. (1996) Transfer function analysis of ventilatory influence on systemic arterial pressure in the rat. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 271:H2108-H2115
  21. Chang, A. Y. W., Kuo, T. B. J., Chan, J. Y. H. and Chan, S. H. H. (1996) Concurrent elicitation of electroencephalographic desynchronization and penile erection by cocaine in the rat. Synapse 24:233-239 doi
  22. Kuo, T. B. J., Yang, C. C. H. and Chan, S. H. H. (1997) Selective activation of vasomotor component of SAP spectrum by nucleus reticularis ventrolateralis in rats. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 272:H485-H492
  23. Yang, C. C. H., Kuo, T. B. J. and Chan, S. H. H. (1997) Functional characterization of caudal hypoglossal neurons by spectral patterns of neuronal discharges in the rat. Neuroscience 77:813-827
  24. Yang, M. W., Kuo, T. B. J., Lin, S. M. and Chan, S. H. (1998) Power spectral analysis of arterial blood pressure after spinal anesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiologica Sinica 36:3-10
  25. Chou, C. L., Kao, N. T., Kuo, T. B. J., Liu, T. J. and Chan, R. C. (1998) Heart rate variability as an assessment of acute rejection after heart transplantation. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi (Taipei) 61:561-567
  26. Yang, C. C. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (1999) Assessment of cardiac sympathetic regulation by respiratory-related arterial pressure variability in the rat. Journal of Physiology 515:887-896 doi
  27. Hu, H. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Wong, W. J., Luk, Y. O., Chern, C. M., Hsu, L. C. and Sheng, W. Y. (1999) Transfer function analysis of cerebral hemodynamics in patients with carotid stenosis. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 19:460-465
  28. Chern, C. M., Kuo, T. B. J., Sheng, W. Y., Wong, W. J., Luk, Y. O., Hsu, L. C. and Hu, H. H. (1999) Spectral analysis of arterial blood pressure and cerebral blood flow velocity during supine rest and orthostasis. Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism 19:1136-1141
  29. Kuo, T. B. J. and Yang, C. C. H. (2000) Altered frequency characteristic of central vasomotor control in SHR. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 278:H201-H207 doi
  30. Yang, C. C. H., Chao, T. C., Kuo, T. B. J., Yin, C. S. and Chen, H. I. (2000) Preeclamptic pregnancy is associated with increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic control of HR. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 278:H1269-H1273 doi
  31. Yang, C. C. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2000) Impact of pulse pressure on the respiratory-related arterial pressure variability and its autonomic control in the rat. European Journal of Physiology 439:772-780 doi
  32. Su, C. F., Kuo, T. B. J., Yang, C. C. H. and Chen, H. I. (2000) Alternation of autonomic nervous functions and cardiovascular hemodynamics in severe head injury. Taiwan Critical Care Medicine 2:129-139
  33. Chen, C. C., Chen, S. A., Tai, C. T., Kuo, T. B. J., Chang, M. S. and Prystowsky, E. N. (2001) Hyperventilation facilitates induction of supraventricular tachycardia： a novel method and the possible mechanism. Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 12:1242-1246 doi
  34. Yang, T. F., Wong, T. T., Chang, K. P., Kwan, S. Y., Kuo, W. Y., Lee, Y. C. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2001) Power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability in children with epilepsy. Child's Nervous System 17:602-606 doi
  35. Yang, T. F., Chan, R. C., Kao, C. L., Chiu, J. W., Liu, T. J., Kao, N. T. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2002) Power spectrum analysis of heart rate variability for cerebral palsy patients. American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation 81:350-354 doi
  36. Yang, C. C. H., Lai, C. W., Lai, H. Y. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2002) Relationship between electroencephalogram slow-wave magnitude and heart rate variability during sleep in humans. Neuroscience Letters 329:213-216 doi
  37. Wang, J. D., Kuo, T. B. J. and Yang, C. C. H. (2002) An alternative method to enhance vagal activities and suppress sympathetic activities in humans. Autonomic Neuroscience 100:90-95 doi
  38. Su, C. F., Kuo, T. B. J., Chang, Y. L. and Loh, T. W. (2002) Alternation of systemic blood pressure, intracranial pressure and power spectrum of blood pressure after tracheal suction in patients receiving craniotomy. Taiwan Critical Care Medicine 4:81-88
  39. Chern, C. M., Kuo, T. B. J., Chao, A. C., Sheng, W. Y. and Hu, H. H. (2003) Spectral analysis of cerebrovascular regulation in patients with autonomic dysfunction. Journal of the Chinese Medical Association 66:393-399
  40. Yang, C. C. H., Shaw, F. Z., Lai, C. J., Lai, C. W. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2003) Relationship between electroencephalogram slow-wave magnitude and heart rate variability during sleep in rats. Neuroscience Letters 336:21-24 doi
  41. Chao, A. C., Chern, C. M., Kuo, T. B. J., Chou, C. H., Chuang, Y. M., Wong, W. J. and Hu, H. H. (2003) Noninvasive assessment of spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability in patients with carotid stenosis. Cerebrovascular Diseases 16:151-157
  42. Kuo, T. B. J., Chern, C. M., Yang, C. C. H., Hsu, H. Y., Wong, W. J., Sheng, W. Y. and Hu, H. H. (2003) Mechanisms underlying phase lag between systemic arterial blood pressure and cerebral blood flow velocity. Cerebrovascular Diseases 16:402-409 doi
  43. Lee, G. S., Yang, C. C. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2003) Voice low tone to high tone ratio--a new index for nasal airway assessment. Chinese Journal of Physiology 46:123-127
  44. Lai, H. Y., Yang, C. C. H., Huang, F. Y., Lee, Y., Kuo, Y. L. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2003) Respiratory-related arterial pressure variability as an indicator of graded blood loss: involvement of the autonomic nervous system. Clinical Science (Lond) 105:491-497 doi
  45. Fu, C. H., Yang, C. C. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2003) Effect of angiotensin II receptor antagonism on cerebral vasomotor reserve in humans. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology 42:714-718 doi
  46. Yang, C. C. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2003) Dynamic regulation of arterial blood pressure from the brainstem. Tzu Chi Medical Journal 15:1-12
  47. Kuo, T. B. J., Lai, C. J., Shaw, F. Z., Lai, C. W. and Yang, C. C. H. (2004) Sleep-related sympathovagal imbalance in SHR. American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 286:H1170-H1176 doi
  48. Lai, H. Y., Yang, C. C. H., Cheng, C. F., Huang, F. Y., Lee, Y., Shyr, M. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2004) Effect of esmolol on positive-pressure ventilation-induced variations of arterial pressure in anaesthetized humans. Clinical Science (Lond) 107:303-308 doi
  49. Chen, C. L., Lin, H. H., Orr, W. C., Yang, C. C. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2004) Transfer function analysis of heart rate variability in response to water intake： correlation with gastric myoelectrical activity. Journal of Applied Physiology 96:2226-2230 doi
  50. Hsu, H. Y., Chern, C. M., Kuo, J. S., Kuo, T. B. J., Chen, Y. T. and Hu, H. H. (2004) Correlations among critical closing pressure, pulsatility index and cerebrovascular resistance. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology 30:1329-1335
  51. Kuo, T. B. J., Shaw, F. Z., Lai, C. J., Lai, C. W. and Yang, C. C. H. (2004) Changes in sleep patterns in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Sleep 27:406-412 doi
  52. Chen, H. Y., Kuo, T. B. J., Shaw, F. Z., Lai, C. J. and Yang, C. C. H. (2005) Sleep-related vagotonic effect of zolpidem in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 181:270-279 doi
  53. Su, C. F., Kuo, T. B. J., Kuo, J. S., Lai, H. Y. and Chen, H. I. (2005) Sympathetic and parasympathetic activities evaluated by heart-rate variability in head injury of various severities. Clinical Neurophysiology 116:1273-1279 doi
  54. Lee, G. S., Yang, C. C. H., Wang, C. P. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2005) Effect of nasal decongestion on voice spectrum of a nasal consonant-vowel. Journal of Voice 19:71-77 doi
  55. Fu, C. H., Yang, C. C. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2005) Effects of different classes of antihypertensive drugs on cerebral hemodynamics in elderly hypertensive patients. American Journal of Hypertension 18:1621-1625 doi
  56. Kuo, T. B. J., Lai, C. J., Huang, Y. T. and Yang, C. C. H. (2005) Regression analysis between heart rate variability and baroreflex-related vagus nerve activity in rats. Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology 16:864-869 doi
  57. Huang, C. J., Kuok, C. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Hsu, Y. W. and Tsai, P. S. (2006) Pre-operative measurement of heart rate variability predicts hypotension during general anesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 50:542-548 doi
  58. Tsai, M. W., Chie, W. C., Kuo, T. B. J., Chen, M. F., Liu, J. P., Chen, T. T. and Wu, Y. T. (2006) Effects of exercise training on heart rate variability after coronary angioplasty. Physical Therapy 86:626-635 doi
  59. Fu, C. H., Yang, C. C. H., Lin, C. L. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2006) Effects of long-term vegetarian diets on cardiovascular autonomic functions in healthy postmenopausal women. American Journal of Cardiology 97:380-383 doi
  60. Sun, T. B., Yang, C. C. H., Lai, C. J. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2006) Time course of cardiovascular neural regulation during programmed 20-sec apnea in rats. Critical Care Medicine 34:765-770 doi
  61. Sun, T. B., Yang, C. C. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2006) Effect of hyperbaric oxygen on cardiac neural regulation in diabetic individuals with foot complications. Diabetic Medicine 23:360-366 doi
  62. Lee, G. S., Wang, C. P., Yang, C. C. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2006) Voice low tone to high tone ratio： a potential quantitative index for vowel [a：] and its nasalization. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering 53:1437-1439 doi
  63. Lai, C. J., Yang, C. C. H., Hsu, Y. Y., Lin, Y. N. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2006) Enhanced sympathetic outflow and decreased baroreflex sensitivity are associated with intermittent hypoxia-induced systemic hypertension in conscious rats. Journal of Applied Physiology 100:1974-1982
  64. Fu, C. H., Yang, C. C. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2006) Age-related changes in cerebral hemodynamics and their correlations with cardiac autonomic functions. Neurological Research 28:871-876 doi
  65. Chen, C. L., Orr, W. C., Yang, C. C. H., and Kuo, T. B. J. (2006) Cardiac autonomic regulation differentiates reflux disease with and without erosive esophagitis. Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 41:1001-1006 doi
  66. Chen, K. Y., Chen, C. L., Yang, C. C. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2006) Cardiac autonomic dysregulation in patients with acute hepatitis. American Journal of the Medical Sciences 332:164-167 doi
  67. Chen, C. L., Yang, C. C. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2007) Transfer function analysis of heart rate variability correlated with gastric myoelectrical activity using a liquid nutritional meal compared to water： are they different? Chinese Journal of Physiology 50:271-276
  68. Lee, G. S., Hsiao, T. Y., Yang, C. C. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2007) Effects of speech noise on vocal fundamental frequency using power spectral analysis. Ear and Hearing 28:343-350 doi
  69. Fu, C. H., Yang, C. C. H., Lin, C. L. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2008) Alteration of cardiovascular autonomic functions by vegetarian diets in postmenopausal women is related to LDL cholesterol levels. Chinese Journal of Physiology 51:100-105
  70. Chen, C. L., Yi, C. H., Kuo, T. B. J. and Yang, C. C. H. (2008) Effect of acid suppression on gastric myoelectrical activity in GERD. Hepatogastroenterology 55:1353-1355
  71. Yi, C. H., Chen, C. L., Kuo, T. B. J. and Yang, C. C. H. (2008) The effect of acid suppression on sleep and cardiac autonomic regulation in GERD. Hepatogastroenterology 55:1649-1652
  72. Liou, H. L., Chao, Y. F., Kuo, T. B. J. and Chen, H. I. (2008) Physiological, psychological and autonomic responses to pre-operative instructions for patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Chinese Journal of Physiology 51:317-323
  73. Harnod, T., Yang, C. C. H., Hsin, Y. L., Shieh, K. R., Wang, P. J. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2008) Heart rate variability in children with refractory generalized epilepsy. Seizure： European Journal of Epilepsy 17:297-301 doi
  74. Lai, I. C., Yang, C. C. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Wang, Y. C. and Shieh, K. R. (2008) Immediate impact of electroconvulsive therapy on cardiac autonomic function in schizophrenia： A preliminary study. Schizophrenia Research 100:353-355 doi
  75. Li, J. Y., Kuo, T. B. J., Hsieh, S. S. and Yang, C. C. H. (2008) Changes in electroencephalogram and heart rate during treadmill exercise in the rat. Neuroscience Letters 434:175-178 doi
  76. Ko, J. H., Kuo, T. B. J. and Lee, G. S. (2008) Effect of postural change on nasal airway and autonomic nervous system established by rhinomanometry and heart rate variability analysis. American Journal of Rhinology 22:159-165 doi
  77. Yang, C. C. H., Yeh, I. T., Lai, H. Y., Chen, H. I. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2008) Dynamic effects of respiration on aortic blood flow and its autonomic control in rats. Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology 35:1294-1300 doi
  78. Wang, Y. C., Yang, C. C. H., Bai, Y. M. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2008) Heart rate variability in schizophrenic patients switched from typical antipsychotic agents to amisulpride and olanzapine： 3-month follow-up. Neuropsychobiology 57:200-205 doi
  79. Chung, M. H., Chang, F. M., Yang, C. C. H., Kuo, T. B. J. and Hsu, N. (2009) Sleep quality and morningness-eveningness of shift nurses. Journal of Clinical Nursing 18:279-284 doi
  80. Harnod, T., Yang, C. C. H., Hsin, Y. L., Wang, P. J., Shieh, K. R. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2009) Heart rate variability in patients with frontal lobe epilepsy. Seizure： European Journal of Epilepsy 18:21-25 doi
  81. Chen, C. J., Kuo, T. B. J., Tseng, Y. J. and Yang, C. C. H. (2009) Combined cardiac sympathetic excitation and vagal impairment in patients with non-organic erectile dysfunction. Clinical Neurophysiology 120:348-352 doi
  82. Kuo, T. B. J., Yang, C. C. H. and Huang, N. E. (2009) Quantification of respiratory sinus arrhythmia using Hilbert-Huang transform. Advances in Adaptive Data Analysis 1:295-307 doi
  83. Kuo, T. B. J. and Yang, C. C. H. (2009) Frequency domain analysis of electrooculogram and its correlation with cardiac sympathetic function. Experimental Neurology 217:38-45 doi
  84. Sun, T. B., Kuo, T. B. J. and Yang, C. C. H. (2009) Nonparallel cutaneous microcirculatory responses to pharmacologic alterations of systemic arterial pressure in rats. Microsurgery 29:319-325 doi
  85. Sun, T. B., Kuo, T. B. J. and Yang, C. C. H. (2009) Power spectral analysis of perfusion signals on free radial forearm flap transplantation in humans. Microsurgery 29:636-643 doi
  86. Tsai, P. Y., Hu, W. C., Kuo, T. B. J. and Shyu, L. Y. (2009) A portable device for real time drowsiness detection using novel active dry electrode system. Conference Proceedings- IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society 1:3775-3778 doi
  87. Huang, Y. M., Yang, C. C. H., Lai, C. J. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2010) Involvement of sympathetic function in the sleep-related change of gastric myoelectrical activity in rats. Journal of Sleep Research 19:192-200 doi
  88. Hsin, Y., Yang, C. C. H., Kuo, T. B. J. and Harnod, T. (2010) Effects of chronic epilepsy on heart rate variability. Neural Regeneration Research 5:156-160
  89. Chiang, J. K., Koo, M., Kuo, T. B. J. and Fu, C. H. (2010) Association between cardiovascular autonomic functions and time to death in patients with terminal hepatocellular carcinoma. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management 39:673-679 doi
  90. Lai, I. C., Yang, C. C. H., Kuo, T. B. J. and Shieh, K. R. (2010) Transcranial magnetic stimulation for auditory hallucination in severe schizophrenia： partial efficacy and acute elevation of sympathetic modulation. Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences 64:333-335 doi
  91. Kuo, T. B. J., Lai, C. T., Hsu, F. C., Tseng, Y. J., Li, J. Y., Shieh, K. R., Tsai, S. C. and Yang, C. C. H. (2010) Cardiac neural regulation oscillates with the estrous cycle in freely moving female rats： the role of endogenous estrogens. Endocrinology 151:2613-2621 doi
  92. Kuo, T. B. J., Li, J. Y., Hsieh, S. S. Y., Chen, J. J., Tsai, C. Y. and Yang, C. C. H. (2010) Effect of aging on treadmill exercise induced theta power in the rat. Age 32:297-308 doi
  93. Chen, W. L., Tsai, T. H., Yang, C. C. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2010) Acute effects of ephedra on autonomic nervous modulation in healthy young adults. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 88:39-44 doi
  94. Chen, W. L., Tsai, T. H., Yang, C. C. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2010) Effects of ephedra on autonomic nervous modulation in healthy young adults. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 130:563-568 doi
  95. Chen, C. Y., Yang, C. C. H., Lin, Y. Y. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2011) Locomotion-induced hippocampal theta is independent of visual information in rats during movement through a pipe. Behavioural Brain Research 216:699-704 doi
  96. Kuo, T. B. J., Yuan, Z. F., Lin, Y. S., Lin, Y. N., Li, W. S., Yang, C. C. H. and Lai, C. J. (2011) Reactive oxygen species are the cause of the enhanced cardiorespiratory response induced by intermittent hypoxia in conscious rats. Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology 175:70-79 doi
  97. Chiang, J. K., Fu, C. H., Kuo, T. B. J. and Koo, M. (2011) Association between frequency domain heart rate variability and unplanned readmission to hospital in geriatric patients. BMC Public Health 11:137 doi
  98. Kung, Y. Y., Yang, C. C. H., Chiu, J. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2011) The relationship of subjective sleep quality and cardiac autonomic nervous system in postmenopausal women with insomnia under auricular acupressure. Menopause 18:638-645 doi
  99. Huang, Y. M., Yang, C. C. H., Lai, C. J. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2011) The influence of autonomic interventions on the sleep-wake related changes in gastric myoelectrical activity in rats. Neurogastroenterology & Motility 23(6):560-e208
  100. Chen, S. Y., Yang, C. C. H., Kuo, T. B. J. and Harnod T. (2011) Association of heart rate variability with clinical outcome in parkinsonian patients after subthalamic deep brain stimulation： A retrospective cohort study. Journal of the Formosan Medical Association 110:593-599 doi
  101. Kuo, T. B. J., Li, J. Y., Chen, C. Y. and Yang, C. C. H. (2011) Changes in hippocampal theta activity during initiation and maintenance of running in the rat. Neuroscience 194:27-35 doi
  102. Chung, M. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Hsu, N., Chuo, K. R., Chu, H. and Yang, C. C. H. (2011) Comparison of sleep-related cardiac autonomic function between rotating-shift and permanent night-shift workers. Industrial Health 49:589-596 doi
  103. Chang, L. R., Lin, Y. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Wu Chang, H. C., Liu, C. M., Liu, C. C., Hwu, H. G. and Yang, C. C. H. (2011) Autonomic modulation and health-related quality of life among schizophrenic patients treated with non-intensive case management. PLoS ONE 6:e26378 doi
  104. Lin, Y. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Ho, Y. C., Lin, S. H., Liu, C. Y. and Yang, C. C. H. (2012) Physiological and psychological impacts on male medical interns of on-call duty. Stress 15:21-30 doi
  105. Chen, P. L., Kuo, T. B. J. and Yang, C. C. H. (2012) Parasympathetic activity correlates with early outcome in patients with large artery atherosclerotic stroke. Journal of the Neurological Sciences 314:57-61 doi
  106. Chang, L. R., Lin, Y. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Ho, Y. C., Chen, S. H., Wu Chang, H. C., Liu, C. M. and Yang, C. C. H. (2012) Cardiac autonomic modulation during methadone therapy among heroin users: a pilot study. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology & Biological Psychiatry 37:188-193 doi
  107. Chung, M. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Hsu, N., Chu, H., Chou, K. R. and Yang, C. C. H. (2012) Recovery after three-shift work: relation to sleep-related cardiac neuronal regulation in nurses. Industrial Health 50:24-30 doi
  108. Huang, W. L., Lin, Y. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Chang, L. R., Chen, Y. Z. and Yang, C. C. H. (2012) Methadone-mediated autonomic functioning of male patients with heroin dependence： the influence of borderline personality pattern. PLoS ONE 7:e37464 doi
  109. Kuo, T. B. J., Chen, C. Y., Hsu, Y. C. and Yang, C. C. H. (2012) Performance of the frequency domain indices with respect to sleep staging. Clinical Neurophysiology 123:1338-1345 doi
  110. Wang, Y. C., Chen, C. Y., Kuo, T. B. J., Lai, C. J. and Yang, C. C. H., (2012) The influences of antipsychotic agents on the heart rate variability in male WKY rats: implications for cardiovascular safety. Neuropsychobiology 65:216-226 doi
  111. Huang, S. S., Su, H. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Chen, C. Y., Lan, Y. Y., Liu, B. Y., Yang, D. I., Tsai, S. C. and Yang, C. C. H. (2012) Suppressing cardiac vagal modulation and changing sleep patterns in rats after chronic ischemic stroke injury. Autonomic Neuroscience-Basic and Clinical 169:116-123 doi
  112. Chua, Y. C., Yang, C. C. H., Lin, H. T., Chen, P. T., Chang, K. Y., Yang, S. C. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2012) Neonatal nociception elevated baseline blood pressure and attenuated cardiovascular responsiveness to noxious stress in adult rats. International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience 30:421-426 doi
  113. Li, J. Y., Kuo, T. B. J., Hsieh, I. T. and Yang, C. C. H. (2012). Changes in hippocampal theta rhythm and their correlations with speed during different phases of voluntary wheel running in rats. Neuroscience 213:54-61 doi
  114. Kuo, T. B. J., Chen, C. Y., Lai, C. T., Chuan, T. Y., Wu, W. Y., Tsai, S. C. and Yang, C. C. H. (2012) Sleep disturbance among spontaneously hypertensive rats is mediated by an α1-adrenergic mechanism. American Journal of Hypertension 25:1110-1117 doi
  115. Wang, Y. P., Kuo, T. B. J., Lai, C. T., Lee, G. S. and Yang, C. C. H. (2012) Effects of breathing frequency on baroreflex effectiveness index and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity derived by sequence analysis. Journal of Hypertension 30: 2151-2158 doi
  116. Chen, H. C., Yang, C. C. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Su, T. P. and Chou, P. (2012) Cardiac vagal control and theoretical models of co-occurring depression and anxiety: A cross-sectional psychophysiological study of community elderly. BMC Psychiatry 12:93 doi
  117. Hsieh, I. T., Yang, C. C. H., Chen, C. Y., Lee, G. S., Kao, F. J., Kuo, K. L. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2012) Uninterrupted wireless long-term recording of sleep patterns and autonomic function in freely moving rats. Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering 33:79-86
  118. Huang, W. L., Chang, L. R., Kuo, T. B. J., Lin, Y. H., Chen, Y. Z. and Yang, C. C. H. (2012) Impact of antipsychotics and anticholinergics on autonomic modulation in patients with schizophrenia. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 33:170-177 doi
  119. Kuo, T. B. J., Lai, C. T., Chen, C. Y., Lee, G. S. and Yang, C. C. H. (2012) Unstable sleep and higher sympathetic activity during late sleep periods of rats: implication for late sleep-related higher cardiovascular events. Journal of Sleep Research 22:108-118 doi
  120. Wang, T. S., Huang, W. L., Kuo, T. B. J., Lee, G. S. and Yang, C. C. H. (2012) Inattentive and hyperactive preschool-age boys have lower sympathetic and higher parasympathetic activity. Journal of Physiological Sciences 36:87-94 doi
  121. Chang, H. A., Chang, C. C., Tzeng, N. S., Kuo, T. B. J., Lu, R. B. and Huang, S. Y. (2012) Decreased cardiac vagal control in drug-naïve patients with posttraumatic stress disorder. Psychiatry Investigation 19:192-200 doi
  122. Lin, Y. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Ho, Y. C., Lin, S. H., Liu, C. and Yang, C. C. H. (2012) Physiological and psychological impacts on male medical interns during on-call duty.Stress. 15(1):21-30 doi
  123. Lin, Y. H., Chen, C. Y., Lin, S. H., Liu, C. H., Weng, W. H., Kuo, T. B. J. and Yang, C. C. H. (2013) Gender differences in cardiac autonomic modulation during medical internship. Psychophysiology 50:521-527 doi
  124. Huang, W. L., Chang, L. R., Kuo, T. B. J., Lin, Y. H., Chen, Y. Z. and Yang, C. C. H. (2013) Gender differences in personality and heart rate variability. Psychiatry Research 209:652-657 doi
  125. Liu, K. D., Shan, D. I., Kuo, T. B. J. and Yang, C. C. H. (2013) The effects of bilateral stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus on heart rate variability in patients with Parkinson’s disease. Journal of Neurology 260:1714-1723 doi
  126. Huang, S. S., Cheng, H., Tang, C. M., Nien, M. Y., Huang, Y. S., Lee, I. H., Yin, J. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Yang, C. C. H., Tsai, S. K. and Yang, D.I (2013) Anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic, and pro-angiogenic effects mediate functional improvement by sonic hedgehog against focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Experimental Neurology 247:680-688 doi
  127. Lin, Y. H., Ho, Y. C., Lin, S. H., Yeh, Y. H., Liu, C. Y., Kuo, T. B. J., Yang, C. C. H. and Yang, A. C. (2013) On-call duty effects on sleep-state physiological stability in male medical interns. Plos One 8:e65072 doi
  128. Chen, C. Y., Kuo, T. B. J., Hsieh, I. T. and Yang, C. C. H. (2013) Electrical stimulation of the rostral ventrolateral medulla promotes wakefulness in rats. Sleep Medicine 14:1076-1084 doi
  129. Wang, Y. P., Kuo, T. B. J., Lai, C. T., Chu, J. W. and Yang, C. C. H. (2013) Effects of respiratory time ratio on heart rate variability and spontaneous baroreflex sensitivity. Journal of Applied Physiology 115:1648-1655 doi
  130. Kuo, T. B. J., Li, J. Y., Lai, C. T., Huang, Y. C., Hsu, Y. C. and Yang, C. C. H. (2013) Effect of bedding system selected by manual muscle testing on sleep-related cardiovascular functions. Biomed Research International 2013:937986 doi
  131. Chiang, J. K., Kuo, T. B. J., Fu, C. H. and Koo, M. (2013) Predicting 7-day survival using heart rate variability in hospice patients with non-lung cancers. Plos One 23:e69482 doi
  132. Kuo, T. B. J., Li, J. Y., Lai, C. T., Huang, Y. C., Hsu, Y. C., Yang, C. C. H. (2013) The effect of bedding system selected by manual muscle testing on sleep-related cardiovascular functions. Biomed Res Int. 937986 doi
  133. Kuo, T. B. J., Chen, C. Y., Wang, Y. P., Lane Y. Y., Mak, K. H. and Yang, C. C. H. (2014) The role of autonomic and baroreceptor reflex control in blood pressure dipping and non-dipping in rats. Journal of Hypertension 32:806-816 doi
  134. Wang, Y. P., Kuo, T. B. J. and Yang, C. C. H. (2014) Reply to Hejjel. Journal of Applied Physiology 116(6):710 doi
  135. Li, J. Y., Kuo, T. B. J., Yen, J. C., Tsai, S. C. and Yang, C. C. H. (2014) Voluntary and involuntary running in the rat show different patterns of theta rhythm, physical activity and heart rate. Journal of Neurophysiology 111:2061-2070 doi
  136. Kuo, T. B. J., Hong, C. H., Hsieh, I. T., Lee, G. S. and Yang, C. C. H. (2014) Effects of cold exposure on autonomic changes during the last REM sleep transition and morning blood pressure surge in humans. Sleep Medicine 15:986-997 doi
  137. Wang, Y. P., Kuo, T. B. J. and Yang, C. C. H. (2014) A possible explanation for the effects of respiration on heart rate and blood pressure asymmetry. International Journal of Cardiology 174:805-807 doi
  138. Huang, W. L., Hwang, B. T., Lai, C. T., Li, J. Y., Kuo, T. B. J. and Yang, C. C. H. (2015) Is heart rate variability related to season of birth? Clinical Cardiology 38:407-412 doi
  139. Wang, Y. P., Kuo, T. B. J., Lai, C.T. and Yang, C. C. H. (2015) Effects of breathing frequency on the heart rate deceleration capacity and heart rate acceleration capacity. European Journal of Applied Physiology 155:2415-2420 doi
  140. Tsai, H. J., Kuo, T. B. J., Lin, Y. C. and Yang, C. C. H. (2015) The association between prolonged sleep onset latency and heart rate dynamics among young sleep-onset insomniacs and good sleepers. Psychiatry Research 230:892-898 doi
  141. Kuo, T. B. J., Chen, C. Y., Hsu, Y. C. and Yang, C. C. H. (2016) EEG beta power and heart rate variability describe the association between cortical and autonomic arousal across sleep. Autonomic Neuroscience: basic and clinical 194:32-37 doi
  142. Lin, Y. C., Lin, Y. H., Lo, M Z., Peng, C. K., Huang, N. E., Yang, C. C. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2016) Novel application of multi dynamic trend analysis as a sensitive tool for detecting the effects of aging and congestive heart failure on heart rate variability. Chaos 26(2):023109 doi
  143. Kuo, T. B. J., Li, J. Y., Kuo, H. K., Chern, C. M. and Yang, C. C. H. (2016) Differential changes and interactions of autonomic functioning and sleep architecture before and after 50 years of age. Age 38(1):5
  144. Hong, C. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Huang, B. C., Lin, Y. C., Kuo, K. L., Chern, C. M. and Yang, C. C. H. (2016) Cold exposure can induce an exaggerated early-morning blood pressure surge in young prehypertensives. PLoS One 11(2):e0150136 doi
  145. Lai, C. T., Chen, C. Y., Kuo, T. B. J., Chern, C. H. and Yang, C. C. H. (2016) Sympathetic hyperactivity, sleep fragmentation and wake-related blood pressure surge during late-light sleep in spontaneously hypertensive rats. American Journal of Hypertension 29:590-597 doi
  146. Kung, Y. Y., Yang, C. C. H., Chiu, J. H. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2016) The application of yin-yang concept on heart rate variability patterns in menopausal women with insomnia. Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 1-7 doi
  147. Wang, Y. P., Kuo, T. B. J., Li, J. Y., Lai, C. T. and Yang, C. C. H. (2016) The relationships between heart rate deceleration capacity and spectral indices of heart rate variability during different breathing frequencies. European Journal of Applied Physiology 116(7):1281-1287 doi
  148. Kuo, T. B. J., Lai, C. T., Chen, C. Y., Yang, Y. C. and Yang, C. C. H. (2016) The high-frequency component of heart rate variability during extended wakefulness is closely associated with the depth of the ensuing sleep in C57BL6 mice. Neuroscience 330:257-266
  149. Huang, W. L., Liao, S. C., Kuo, T. B. J., Chang, L. R., Chen, Z. T., Chen, I. M. and Yang, C. C. H. (2016) The effects of antidepressants and quetiapine on heart rate variability. Pharmacopsychiatry 49(5):191-198 doi
  150. Li, J. Y., Kuo, T. B. J. and Yang, C. C. H. (2016) Aged rats show the dominant modulation on lower frequency of hippocampal theta rhythm during running. Experimental Gerontology 83:63-70 doi
  151. Lin, W. L, Lo, L.W., Chen, H. R., Lai, C. T., Yamada, S., Liu, S. H., Chou. Y. H., Chen, S. A., Fu, Y. C. and Kuo, T. B. J. (2016) Sleep-related changes in cardiovascular autonomic regulation in left coronary artery ligation rats: Neural mechanism facilitating arrhythmia after myocardial infarction. International Journal of Cardiology 225:65–72 doi
  152. Huang, W. L., Liao, S. C., Yang, C. C. H., Kuo, T. B. J., Chen, T. T., Chen, I. M. and Gau, S. S. (2017) Measures of Heart Rate Variability in Individuals With Somatic Symptom Disorder. Psychosomatic Medicine 79(1):34-42 doi
  153. Wu, P. R., Chen, G. T., Cui, Y. Y., Li, J. W., Kuo, T. B. J. and Chang, P. L. (2017) Development of Home- Based Sleep Monitoring System for Obstructive Sleep Apnea. Studies in Health Technology and Informatics 245:268-272 doi
  154. Chen, C. W., Kuo, T. B. J., Chen, C. Y. and Yang, C. C. H. (2017) Reduced capacity of autonomic and baroreflex control associated with sleep pattern in spontaneously hypertensive rats with a nondipping profile. Journal of Hypertension 35(3):558-570 doi
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